Technical Note: No Assets, No Products, No Business Plan: Risks Associated with Special Purpose Acquisition Companies

A special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) is a blank check company that becomes incorporated and goes public with the intention of merging with or acquiring an undetermined company with the proceeds from an initial public offering (IPO). This process is often referred to as a "reverse IPO," as the company collects investor capital before acquiring, merging, or even selecting a target company. Because there are no assets or operations at the time of investment, investors are essentially wagering on the potential future performance of a management team. The optionality embedded within a SPAC allows public investors to enter into a unique and sometimes profitable investment vehicle that appears to have limited downside risk. However, SPACs actually pose numerous risks that may not be self-evident to all but the sophisticated investor. With a total of 228 SPACs raising $35.8 billion of capital since 2003, this increasingly popular investment vehicle warrants further discussion of these underlying risks.