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Articles in Refereed Journals
“Do Scientists Pay to Be Scientists?”,
Management Science, June 2004.
“When Does
Funding Research by Smaller Firms Bear Fruit?: Evidence from the
SBIR,” (with J.Gans), Economics of Innovation and New
Technology, 2003.
“The Product
Market and the Market for Ideas: Commercialization Strategies for
Technology Entrepreneurs,” (with J. Gans), Research Policy,
2003.
“When
Does Start-up Innovation Spur the Gale of Creative Destruction?,”
(with J. Gans and D. Hsu), RAND Journal of Economics, 2002.
“The Impact
of Information Technology and Job Design on Emergency Health Care
Outcomes,”(with S. Athey),
RAND Journal of Economics, 2002.
“The
Determinants of National Innovative Capacity,” (with J.
Furman and M.E. Porter), Research Policy, 2002.
“Innovation:
Location Matters,” (with M.E. Porter), Sloan Management
Review, Summer 2001.
“Untangling
the Origins of Competitive Advantage,” (with I. Cockburn and R. Henderson), Strategic
Management Journal, 2000.
“Innovation
Incentives, Compatibility, and Expropriation as an Antitrust Remedy:
The Legacy of the Borland/Ashton-Tate Consent Decree,” (with
C. Fazio) Antitrust Law Journal, 2000.
“Incumbency
and R&D Incentives: Licensing the Gale of Creative
Destruction,” (with. J. Gans), Journal of Economics and
Management Strategy, 2000.
“Market
Segmentation and the Sources of Rents from Innovation: Personal
Computers in the Late 1980s,” (with T. Bresnahan and M.
Trajtenberg), RAND Journal of Economics, 1997.
“Urban
Productivity and Factor Growth in the Late Nineteenth Century,”
(with R. Bostic and J. Gans), Journal of Urban Economics, 1996.
Refereed Books
Biological
Resource Centers: Knowledge Hubs for the Life Sciences,
Brookings Institution, under final revision for publication in Summer
2003.
Articles in Refereed Proceedings
“All
Are Examiners Created Equal?: The Impact of Examiner Characteristics on
Patent Statistics and Litigation Outcomes,” (joint with I.
Cockburn and S. Kortum), Intellectual
Property in the Knowledge-Based Economy, National Academy of Sciences,
2003.
“Understanding the Drivers of National Innovative
Capacity,” (with M. Porter and J. Furman), Academy of Management
Best Papers in Proceedings, 2000.
Refereed Committee Report
The Future of Supercomputing: An Interim Report, (Committee Member),
National Academy of Sciences, 2003
Articles in Non-Refereed Publications
“Managing
Ideas: Commercialization Strategies for Biotechnology,” (with
J. Gans), Kellogg Biotechnology Review, forthcoming.
"Ranking
National Innovative Capacity: Findings form the National Innovative
Capacity Index," (with M. Porter), Global Competitiveness
Report 2003.
“Biological Resource Centers: An Economic Perspective,”
Biological Resource Centers: From Concept to Reality, American Type
Culture Collection, 2003.
“The
Impact of Location on Innovation: Findings from the National Innovative
Capacity Index,” (with M. Porter), Global Competitiveness
Report 2002.
“National
Innovative Capacity,” (with M. Porter), Global
Competitiveness Report 2001.
“Patient
Welfare and Patient Compliance: An Empirical Framework for Measuring
the Benefits Of Pharmaceutical Innovation,”(with P. Ellickson
and M. Trajtenberg), Medical Care Output & Productivity, NBER/CRIW
Conference volume, 2001.
“The
Adoption and Impact of Advanced Emergency Response Services,”
(with S. Athey), The Economics of
Non-Profit Hospitals, 2000.
“The
Drivers of National Innovative Capacity: Implications for Spain and
Latin America,” (with M. Porter and J. Furman), Keys to the
World Economy, 2000.
“Understanding the Determinants of National Innovative
Capacity: Implications for Central European Economies”
Wirtschaftspolitische Blaetter, 2000.
“Information
Technology and Training in Emergency Call Centers,”
Industrial Relations Research Association Papers and Proceedings, June
1999.
"Incentives and Focus In University and Industrial Research:
The Case of Synthetic Insulin," The University-Industry Interface
and Medical Innovation, edited by Annetine Gelijns and Nathan
Rosenberg, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1995.
Non-Refereed Monographs
Assessing
Australia's Innovative Capacity in the 21st Century, (with J.
Gans), Australian Institute for Commercialization, August 2003.
The
New Challenge to America’s Prosperity: Findings from the
Innovation Index, (with Michael E. Porter), Council on
Competitiveness, March, 1999.
Edited Volumes
"Introduction,"
(with A. Jaffe and J. Lerner), Innovation Policy and the Economy, Vol.
4, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.
"Introduction,"
(with A. Jaffe and J. Lerner), Innovation Policy and the Economy, Vol.
3, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.
"Introduction,"
(with A. Jaffe and J. Lerner), Innovation Policy and the Economy, Vol.
2, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.
"Introduction,"
(with A. Jaffe and J. Lerner), Innovation Policy and the Economy, Vol.
1, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.
Prepared Testimony
The Impact
of Basic Research on Technological Innovation and National Prosperity
on Basic Research, House Science Committee, United
States Congress, September 28, 1999.
Plenary Session, President’s Committee on Science and Technology,
Washington, DC, May 24, 1999.
Publications Under Submission or Revision to Refereed Journals.
“Balancing Incentives: The Tension Between Basic and Applied
Research,” (with R. Henderson and I. Cockburn), NBER WP 6882,
under revision for resubmission to RAND Journal of Economics.
“An Empirical
Framework for Testing Theories about Complementarity in Organizational
Design,” (with S. Athey),
NBER WP 6600, under revision for resubmission to Management Science.
“Measuring
the Ideas Production Function: Evidence from International Patent
Output,” (with M. Porter), NBER WP 7891, under revision for
resubmission to Journal of Economic Growth.
“Complementarity
Among Vertical Integration Decisions: Evidence from Automobile Product
Development,” (with S. Novak).
“Climbing Atop the Shoulders of Giants: The Impact of
Institutions on Cumulative Knowledge Production,” (with J.
Furman).
"Do Formal Intellectual Property Rights Hinder the Free Flow of
Scientific Knowledge?: Evidence from Patent-Paper Pairs," (with F.
Murray).
Working Papers Available on Request
"Open Science: Disclosure, Research Investment and Cumulative
Knowledge Production," (with A. Mukherjee), mimeo, Kellogg School
of Management, 2004.
“The
Impact of Uncertain IP Rights on the Market for Ideas: Evidence from
Patent Grant Delays,” (with J. Gans and D. Hsu), mimeo, Northwestern University, 2003.
“The
Diffusion of Science-Driven Drug Discovery: Organizational Change in
Pharmaceutical Research,” (with R. Henderson and I.
Cockburn), NBER WP 7359, under revision.
“Empirical Implications of Physician Authority in
Pharmaceutical Decisionmaking,” (with M. Trajtenberg), under
revision for resubmission to Journal of Health Economics.
“Market Definition
and the Returns to Innovation: Substitution Patterns in Pharmaceutical
Markets,” MIT POPI Working Paper, December, 1996.
“Incentives
and Knowledge in Organizational and Technological Change: The Case of
Drug Discovery in the 1980s,” MIT POPI Working Paper,
December, 1996.
“Assessing America's
Research Intensive Sector," (with G. Wright), mimeo, Stanford University, July, 1994.
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