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    Home  Faculty and Research  Publications  Management & Organizations
    Print PagePublications by Management & Organizations Faculty
    Publication YearTitleType of Publication
    2018
    CommunicationandAttentionDynamicsAnAttention-BasedViewofStrategicChange
    Communication and Attention Dynamics: An Attention-Based View of Strategic Change
    Ocasio, William, Tomi Laamamen and Eero Vaara. 2018. Communication and Attention Dynamics: An Attention-Based View of Strategic Change. Strategic Management Journal. 39(1): 155-167.
    Article
    2018
    CreativityandInnovationHowbusinesscaninformresearch
    Creativity and Innovation: How business can inform research
    Thompson, Leigh and David Schonthal. Forthcoming. Creativity and Innovation: How business can inform research. California Management Review.
    Article
    2018
    CutyousomeslackAninvestigationoftheperceptionsofadepletedemployeesunethicality
    Cut you some slack? An investigation of the perceptions of a depleted employee's unethicality
    Kouchaki, Maryam and J. Zhang. Forthcoming. Cut you some slack? An investigation of the perceptions of a depleted employee's unethicality. Journal of Business Ethics.
    Article
    2018
    DenyingHumanityThedistinctneuralcorrelatesofblatantdehumanization
    Denying Humanity: The distinct neural correlates of blatant dehumanization
    Bruneau, Emile, Nir Jacoby, Nour Kteily and Rebecca Saxe. Forthcoming. Denying Humanity: The distinct neural correlates of blatant dehumanization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General.
    Abstract

    Recent behavioral work demonstrates that many people view low-status groups as less 'evolved and civilized' than high-status groups. Are these people using blatant expressions of dehumanization simply to express strong dislike towards other groups? Or is blatant dehumanization a process distinct from other negative assessments? We tested these competing hypotheses using functional neuroimaging. Participants judged ten groups (e.g. Europeans, Muslims, rats) on four scales: blatant dehumanization, dislike, dissimilarity and perceived within-group homogeneity. Consistent with expectations, neural responses when making ratings of dehumanization diverged from those when judging the same targets on the other related dimensions. Specifically, we found regions in the left inferior parietal cortex (IPC) and left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) that were selectively parametrically modulated by dehumanization ratings. The pattern of responses in the left IFC was also consistent with animalistic dehumanization: high responses to low-status human groups and animals, and lower responses to high- status human groups. By contrast, a region in the posterior cingulate cortex was parametrically sensitive specifically to liking. We therefore demonstrate a double dissociation between brain activity associated with judgments of blatant dehumanization and judgments of dislike.
    Article
    2018
    EverythingWeDoYouDoTheLicensingEffectofProsocialMarketingMessagesonConsumerBehavior
    Everything We Do, You Do: The Licensing Effect of Prosocial Marketing Messages on Consumer Behavior
    Kouchaki, Maryam and Ata Jami. 2018. Everything We Do, You Do: The Licensing Effect of Prosocial Marketing Messages on Consumer Behavior. Management Science. 64(1): 102-111.
    Abstract

    Do prosocial corporate marketing messages promote consumers’ altruistic behaviors, or do they advance self-interested and self-indulgent actions? To answer this question, the current research investigates the impact of different framings of prosocial marketing messages on consumers’ behaviors and choices more generally. Results from six laboratory studies and a field experiment demonstrate that exposure to messages that praise customers for good deeds can increase subsequent self-interested and self-indulgent behaviors more than messages that publicize a company’s good deeds or thank consumers for their patronage. Our findings demonstrate the possibility that a temporary boost in one’s self-concept drives this observed effect. In addition, the recipient’s level of support for the issue praised for moderates the effect of customer-praise messages on the recipient’s less altruistic behaviors. The paper concludes with a discussion of the theoretical and managerial implications.
    Article
    2018
    Examiningspilloversbetweenlongandshortrepeatedprisonersdilemmagamesplayedinthelaboratory
    Examining spillovers between long and short repeated prisoner's dilemma games played in the laboratory
    Kouchaki, Maryam and D. Rand. 2018. Examining spillovers between long and short repeated prisoner's dilemma games played in the laboratory. Games. 9(1): 5.
    Article
    2018
    HowSocialMovementsInteractwithOrganizationsandFieldsProtestInstitutionsandBeyond
    How Social Movements Interact with Organizations and Fields: Protest, Institutions and Beyond
    Rojas, Fabio and Brayden King. Forthcoming. "How Social Movements Interact with Organizations and Fields: Protest, Institutions and Beyond." edited by David Snow, Sarah Soule, and Holly McCammon.
    Abstract

    The literature addressing the interaction of social movements, organizations, and institutional change has flourished in the last twenty years. This chapter provides an overview of this literature and suggests areas for future development. We review the precursors of this scholarly area, how conflict within organizations can be viewed as a movement, and how movements affect individual organizations, fields of organizations, and institutions. Then, we discuss ways that movements influence organizations in ways not currently appreciated in the literature, such as how some movements by-pass conflict by recruiting elites. We suggest that scholars in this area expand their attention to include forms of political mobilization aside from the classical dynamic of challenger-incumbent confrontations.
    Book Chapter
    2018
    Introduction
    Introduction
    King, Brayden, Jocelyn Leitzinger and Forrest Briscoe. Forthcoming. "Introduction." In Social Movements, Stakeholders, and Nonmarket Strategy, Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Emerald.
    Book Chapter
    2018
    IsromanticdesirepredictableMachinelearningappliedtoinitialromanticattraction
    Is romantic desire predictable? Machine learning applied to initial romantic attraction
    Joel, S., P. W. Eastwick and Eli J. Finkel. Forthcoming. Is romantic desire predictable? Machine learning applied to initial romantic attraction. Psychological Science.
    Article
    2018
    LivingunderThreatMutualThreatPerceptionDrivesAnti-MuslimandAnti-WesternHostilityintheAgeofTerrorism
    Living under Threat: Mutual Threat Perception Drives Anti-Muslim and Anti-Western Hostility in the Age of Terrorism
    Obaidi, Milan, Jonas Kunst, Nour Kteily, Lotte Thomsen and Jim Sidanius. Forthcoming. Living under Threat: Mutual Threat Perception Drives Anti-Muslim and Anti-Western Hostility in the Age of Terrorism. European Journal of Social Psychology.
    Article
    2018
    MatrixOrganizationunderdevelopment
    Matrix Organization – under development
    Thompson, Leigh. 2018. Matrix Organization – under development.
    Case
    2018
    MindandHeartoftheNegotiator7thEdition
    Mind and Heart of the Negotiator (7th Edition)
    Thompson, Leigh. 2018. Mind and Heart of the Negotiator (7th Edition). Pearson, 7th.
    Book
    2018
    Modelingcitationdynamicsofatypicalpapers
    Modeling citation dynamics of ``atypical'' papers
    He, Zhongyang, Zhen Lei and Dashun Wang. Forthcoming. Modeling citation dynamics of ``atypical'' papers. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology.
    Article
    2018
    OntheDualityofPoliticalandEconomicStakeholderInfluenceonFirmInnovationTheoryandEvidencefromChineseFirms
    On the Duality of Political and Economic Stakeholder Influence on Firm Innovation: Theory and Evidence from Chinese Firms
    Li, Jing, Jun Xia and Edward Zajac. 2018. On the Duality of Political and Economic Stakeholder Influence on Firm Innovation: Theory and Evidence from Chinese Firms. Strategic Management Journal. 39: 193-216.
    Article
    2018
    OpenforlearningLowfamiliaritycasesandgeneralquestionsfosterknowledgetransfer
    Open for learning: Low familiarity cases and general questions foster knowledge transfer
    Thompson, Leigh and Jeffery Loewenstein. Forthcoming. Open for learning: Low familiarity cases and general questions foster knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Learning.
    Article
    2018
    OrderinthecourtTheinfluenceoffirmstatusandreputationontheoutcomesofemploymentdiscriminationsuits
    Order in the court: The influence of firm status and reputation on the outcomes of employment discrimination suits
    McDonnell, Mary-Hunter and Brayden King. 2018. Order in the court: The influence of firm status and reputation on the outcomes of employment discrimination suits. American Sociological Review. 83: 61-87.
    Article
    2018
    OrganizationsandinstitutionalcomplexityAnopenpolityperspective
    Organizations and institutional complexity: An open polity perspective
    Wäger, Daniel and Klaus Weber. Forthcoming. Organizations and institutional complexity: An open polity perspective. Academy of Management Review.
    Abstract

    Changing environments often expose organizations to institutional logics that are at odds with other logics that were imprinted into organizations in the past, giving rise to conflict. We specifically propose that prior institutional environments imprint organizational coalitions and governance systems – the organization’s polity – and that these polity imprints explain variance in organizational change processes in response to new logics. We argue that such polity imprints shape how different organizational groups construe their conflicting interests in relation to new logics, how they mobilize for and against changes emanating from these logics, and how the outcomes of group conflict become stabilized. To develop this argument, we identify four ideal types of organizational polities, based on differences in the centralization of authority and the unity of organizational elites. Each ideal type gives rise to a characteristic pattern of how organizations process the advent of new logics. Our analysis demonstrates the utility of conceptualizing organizations as open polities - political entities that interact with their external environment – and the importance of taking historically imprinted political features of organizations into account in studies of organizational responses to institutional complexity.
    Article
    2018
    Peer-to-PeerLendingandBiasinCrowdDecision-Making
    Peer-to-Peer Lending and Bias in Crowd Decision-Making
    Uparna, Jay, Agnes Horvat, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, Jonathan Bakdash and Brian Uzzi. Forthcoming. Peer-to-Peer Lending and Bias in Crowd Decision-Making. PlosOne.
    Article
    2018
    PersuasionEmotionandLanguageTheIntenttoPersuadeTransformsLanguageviaEmotionality
    Persuasion, Emotion, and Language: The Intent to Persuade Transforms Language via Emotionality
    Rucker, Derek D., Derek Rucker and Loran Nordgren. Forthcoming. Persuasion, Emotion, and Language: The Intent to Persuade Transforms Language via Emotionality. Psychological Science.
    Article
    2018
    RamProbablyShouldveReadMLKsWholeSpeechBeforeUsingItinanAd
    Ram Probably Should've Read MLK's Whole Speech Before Using It in an Ad
    Pearce, Nicholas A.. "Ram Probably Should've Read MLK's Whole Speech Before Using It in an Ad." Fortune.
    Other
    2018
    ReversedRichesandMatthewsCurseTheLiabilityofStatusWhenOrganizationsMisbehave
    Reversed Riches and Matthew’s Curse: The Liability of Status When Organizations Misbehave
    King, Brayden and Edward Carberry. Forthcoming. Reversed Riches and Matthew’s Curse: The Liability of Status When Organizations Misbehave. Journal of Management Inquiry.
    Article
    2018
    RhetoricandAuthorityinaPolarizedTransitionTheCaseofChinasStockMarket
    "Rhetoric and Authority in a Polarized Transition: The Case of China's Stock Market"
    Li, Yuan, Paul Hirsch and Sandy Green. 2018. "Rhetoric and Authority in a Polarized Transition: The Case of China's Stock Market". Journal of Management Inquiry. 27(1): 18.
    Abstract

    How do actors in positions of authority attempt to justify their right to rule while introducing controversial institutional practices that potentially delegitimate their authority? China’s reform leaders have found themselves in a legitimacy conundrum when they established and developed the stock market, yet have been able to assert a central role for the party-state in managing the stock market. Using a critical rhetorical perspective, we analyze how actors use “rhetorical genres,” that is, argumentation and narration with differing content and style, to construct new roles of the speaker and speaker–audience relationships that imply new bases of authority, and how these rhetorical genres can be conceptualized as “discursive spaces” that could accommodate contradictions in the rhetorical situations characterized by polarization in ideologies and interests.
    Article
    2018
    ScienceofScience
    Science of Science
    Fortunato, Santo, Carl T. Bergstrom, Katy Borner, James A. Evans, Dirk Helbing, Stasa Milojevic, Alexander M. Petersen, Filippo Radicchi, Roberta Sinatra, Brian Uzzi, Alessandro Vespignani, Ludo Waltman, Dashun Wang and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi. 2018. Science of Science. Science. 359(6379)
    Abstract

    Identifying fundamental drivers of science and developing predictive models to capture its evolution are instrumental for the design of policies that can improve the scientific enterprise—for example, through enhanced career paths for scientists, better performance evaluation for organizations hosting research, discovery of novel effective funding vehicles, and even identification of promising regions along the scientific frontier. The science of science uses large-scale data on the production of science to search for universal and domain-specific patterns. Here, we review recent developments in this transdisciplinary field.
    Article
    2018
    ShouldjobapplicantsbeexcitedorcalmTheroleofcultureandidealaffectinemploymentsettings
    Should job applicants be excited or calm?: The role of culture and ideal affect in employment settings
    Bencharit, Lucy, Yuen Wan Ho, Helene Fung, Dannii Yueng, Nicole Stephens, Rainer Romero-Canyas and Jeanne Tsai. Forthcoming. Should job applicants be excited or calm?: The role of culture and ideal affect in employment settings. Emotion.
    Abstract

    Do cultural differences in emotion play a role in employment settings? We predicted that cultural differences in ideal affect—the states that people value and ideally want to feel—are reflected in: (1) how individuals present themselves when applying for a job, and (2) what individuals look for when hiring someone for a job. In Studies 1-2 (NS1 = 236, NS2 = 176), European Americans wanted to convey high arousal positive states (HAP; excitement) more and low arousal positive states (LAP; calm) less than did Hong Kong Chinese when applying for a job. European Americans also used more HAP words in their applications and showed more “high intensity” smiles in their video introductions than did Hong Kong Chinese. In Study 3 (N = 185), European American working adults rated their ideal job applicant as being more HAP and less LAP than did Hong Kong Chinese, and in Study 4a (N = 125), European American MBAs were more likely to hire excited (vs. calm) applicants for a hypothetical internship than were Hong Kong Chinese MBAs. Finally, in Study 4b (N = 300), employees in a U.S. company were more likely to hire excited (vs. calm) applicants for a hypothetical internship. In Studies 1-4a, differences were related to European Americans valuing HAP more than Hong Kong Chinese. These findings support our predictions that culture and ideal affect shape behavior in employment settings, and have important implications for promoting cultural diversity related to emotion in the workplace.
    Article
    2018
    Smallcitiesfacegreaterimpactfromautomation
    Small cities face greater impact from automation
    Frank, Morgan, Manuel Cebrian, Hyejin Youn, Lijun Sun and Iyad Rahwan. 2018. Small cities face greater impact from automation. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 15(139)
    Abstract

    The city has proved to be the most successful form of human agglomeration and provides wide employment opportunities for its dwellers. As advances in robotics and artificial intelligence revive concerns about the impact of automation on jobs, a question looms: how will automation affect employment in cities? Here, we provide a comparative picture of the impact of automation across US urban areas. Small cities will undertake greater adjustments, such as worker displacement and job content substitutions. We demonstrate that large cities exhibit increased occupational and skill specialization due to increased abundance of managerial and technical professions. These occupations are not easily automatable, and, thus, reduce the potential impact of automation in large cities. Our results pass several robustness checks including potential errors in the estimation of occupational automation and subsampling of occupations. Our study provides the first empirical law connecting two societal forces: urban agglomeration and automation's impact on employment.
    Article
    2018
    SocialMovementsStakeholdersandNonmarketStrategyResearchintheSociologyofOrganizations
    Social Movements, Stakeholders, and Nonmarket Strategy, Research in the Sociology of Organizations
    Leitzinger, Jocelyn and Brayden King. 2018. Social Movements, Stakeholders, and Nonmarket Strategy, Research in the Sociology of Organizations. Emerald.
    Book
    2018
    TerroristorMentallyIllMotivatedBiasesRootedinPartisanshipShapeAttributions
    'Terrorist' or 'Mentally Ill': Motivated Biases Rooted in Partisanship Shape Attributions
    Noor, Masi, Nour Kteily, Birte Siem and Agostino Mazziotta. Forthcoming. 'Terrorist' or 'Mentally Ill': Motivated Biases Rooted in Partisanship Shape Attributions. Social Psychological and Personality Science.
    Abstract

    We investigated whether motivated reasoning rooted in partisanship affects the attributions individuals make about violent attackers’ underlying motives and group memberships. Study 1 demonstrated that on the day of the Brexit referendum pro–leavers (vs. pro–remainers) attributed an exculpatory (i.e., mental health) versus condemnatory (i.e., terrorism) motive to the killing of a pro-remain politician. Study 2 demonstrated that pro– (vs. anti–) immigration perceivers in Germany ascribed a mental health (vs. terrorism) motive to a suicide attack by a Syrian refugee, predicting lower endorsement of punitiveness against his group (i.e., refugees) as a whole. Study 3 experimentally manipulated target motives, showing that Americans distanced a politically-motivated (vs. mentally ill) violent individual from their ingroup and assigned him harsher punishment— patterns most pronounced amongst high group identifiers.
    Article
    2018
    TheEvaluativeLexicon2.0TheMeasurementofEmotionalityExtremityandValenceinLanguage
    The Evaluative Lexicon 2.0: The Measurement of Emotionality, Extremity, and Valence in Language
    Rocklage, Matthew, Derek D. Rucker and Loran Nordgren. Forthcoming. The Evaluative Lexicon 2.0: The Measurement of Emotionality, Extremity, and Valence in Language. Behavioral Research Methods.
    Article
    2018
    TheIllusionofTransparencyinPerformanceAppraisalsWhenandWhyAccuracyMotivationExplainsUnintentionalFeedbackInflation
    The Illusion of Transparency in Performance Appraisals: When and Why Accuracy Motivation Explains Unintentional Feedback Inflation
    Medvec, Victoria, Roderick I. Swaab, Molly Kern and Gail Berger Darlow. 2018. The Illusion of Transparency in Performance Appraisals: When and Why Accuracy Motivation Explains Unintentional Feedback Inflation.
    Article
    2018
    Thelinkbetweenself-dehumanizationandimmoralbehavior
    The link between self-dehumanization and immoral behavior
    Kouchaki, Maryam, Kyle Dobson, Adam Waytz and Nour Kteily. Forthcoming. The link between self-dehumanization and immoral behavior. Psychological Science.
    Abstract

    People perceive morality to be distinctively human, with immorality representing a lack of full humanness. Eight experiments examine the link between immorality and self-dehumanization, testing both (a) the causal role of immoral behavior on self-dehumanization and (b) the causal role of self-dehumanization on immoral behavior. Studies 1a-1d show people feel less human after behaving immorally and these effects were not driven by having a negative experience but were unique to experiences of immorality (Study 1d). Studies 2a-2c show self-dehumanization can lead to immoral and anti-social behavior. Study 3 highlights how self-dehumanization can sometimes produce downward spirals of immorality, demonstrating initial unethical behavior leading to self-dehumanization, which in turn promotes continued dishonesty. These results demonstrate a clear relationship between self-dehumanization and unethical behavior, and extend previous theorizing on dehumanization.
    Article
    2018
    ThewomaninredExaminingtheeffectofovulatorycycleonwomensperceptionsandbehaviorstowardsotherwomen
    The woman in red: Examining the effect of ovulatory cycle on women's perceptions and behaviors towards other women
    Netchaeva, E. and Maryam Kouchaki. Forthcoming. The woman in red: Examining the effect of ovulatory cycle on women's perceptions and behaviors towards other women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
    Article
    2018
    TransactivegoaldynamicstheoryAdiscipline-wideperspective
    Transactive goal dynamics theory: A discipline-wide perspective
    Fitzsimons, G. M. and Eli J. Finkel. Forthcoming. Transactive goal dynamics theory: A discipline-wide perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science.
    Article
    2018
    WhyDidtheGoldenGlobesSnubSoManyFemaleDirectors
    Why Did the Golden Globes Snub So Many Female Directors?
    Pearce, Nicholas A.. "Why Did the Golden Globes Snub So Many Female Directors?." Fortune.
    Other
    2017
    43Visionsforcomplexity
    43 Visions for complexity
    Youn, Hyejin. 2017. 43 Visions for complexity. World Scientific, Edited by: Stefan Thurner.
    Abstract

    (ISBN: 9789813206847)
    Book
    2017
    AdvancestotheInstitutionalLogicsPerspective
    Advances to the Institutional Logics Perspective
    Ocasio, William, Patricia Thornton and Michael Lounsbury. 2017. "Advances to the Institutional Logics Perspective." In Sage Handbook on Organizational Institutionalism, Sage Publishers.
    Book Chapter
    2017
    AllianceorAcquisitionAMechanisms-BasedPolicy-CapturingAnalysis
    Alliance or Acquisition? A Mechanisms-Based, Policy-Capturing Analysis
    Thomas, A., T. Mellewigt, Ingo Weller and Edward Zajac. 2017. Alliance or Acquisition? A Mechanisms-Based, Policy-Capturing Analysis. Strategic Management Journal. 38: 2353-2369.
    Article
    2017
    AnalysisofMusculoskeletalInjuriesSustainedinFallsFromtheUnitedStates-MexicoBorderFence
    Analysis of Musculoskeletal Injuries Sustained in Falls From the United States-Mexico Border Fence
    Burk, David R, Adam Robert Pah and J T Ruth. 2017. Analysis of Musculoskeletal Injuries Sustained in Falls From the United States-Mexico Border Fence. Orthopedics.(DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20170117-05)
    Article
    2017
    Anti-EgalitarianismDifferentiallyPredictsEmpathyforMembersofAdvantagedVersusDisadvantagedGroups
    (Anti-)Egalitarianism Differentially Predicts Empathy for Members of Advantaged Versus Disadvantaged Groups
    Lucas, Brian and Nour Kteily. Forthcoming. (Anti-)Egalitarianism Differentially Predicts Empathy for Members of Advantaged Versus Disadvantaged Groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
    Abstract

    We explore the relationship between group-based egalitarianism and empathy for members of advantaged groups (e.g., corporate executives; state officials) versus disadvantaged groups (e.g., blue-collar workers; schoolteachers) subjected to harmful actions, events, or policies. Whereas previous research suggests that anti-egalitarians (vs. egalitarians) dispositionally exhibit less empathy for others, we propose this relationship depends on the target's position in the social hierarchy. We examined this question across eight studies (N = 3,154) conducted in the U.S. and the U.K., including online and in-person experiments and examining attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. We observed that (anti-)egalitarianism negatively predicted empathy for members of disadvantaged groups subjected to harmful situations, but positively predicted empathy for members of advantaged groups. This pattern held regardless of perceivers' own membership in advantaged or disadvantaged groups (i.e., perceiver gender, race, or SES). (Anti-)egalitarianism's differential effects on empathy for advantaged versus disadvantaged targets were due in part to differences in perceived degree of harm incurred (beyond roles for perceived value conflict and perceived deservingness): Egalitarians perceived the same action as more harmful than anti-egalitarians when it occurred to a disadvantaged target but less harmful than anti-egalitarians when it occurred to an advantaged target. We also explored how these patterns informed individuals' downstream policy attitudes and policy-relevant behavior (e.g., willingness to sign a petition). Our findings enrich understanding of (anti-)egalitarianism by testing competing perspectives on the link between (anti-)egalitarianism and empathy, and by demonstrating when and why individuals' preferences for social equality (vs. hierarchy) lead them to extend versus withhold empathy.
    Article
    2017
    AreYouGettingActionwithoutTraction
    Are You Getting Action without Traction?
    Thompson, Leigh. "Are You Getting Action without Traction?." Catholic Business Journal, October 3, 2016.
    Other
    2017
    ASaulAlinskyPrimerforthe21stCenturyTheRolesofCulturalCompetenceandCulturalBrokerageinFosteringMobilizationinSupportofChange
    A Saul Alinsky Primer for the 21st Century: The Roles of Cultural Competence and Cultural Brokerage in Fostering Mobilization in Support of Change
    Giorgi, Simona, Jean Bartunek and Brayden King. 2017. A Saul Alinsky Primer for the 21st Century: The Roles of Cultural Competence and Cultural Brokerage in Fostering Mobilization in Support of Change. Research in Organizational Behavior. 37: 125-42.
    Article
    2017
    AttentionKnowledgeandOrganizationalLearning
    Attention, Knowledge, and Organizational Learning
    Ocasio, William, Luke Rhee and Daniel Milner. 2017. "Attention, Knowledge, and Organizational Learning." In Handbook of Group and Organizational Learning, Oxford University Presss.
    Book Chapter
    2017
    BacklashThePoliticsandReal-WorldConsequencesofMinorityGroupDehumanization
    Backlash: The Politics and Real-World Consequences of Minority Group Dehumanization
    Kteily, Nour and Emile Bruneau. 2017. Backlash: The Politics and Real-World Consequences of Minority Group Dehumanization. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 43(1): 87-104.
    Abstract

    Research suggests that members of advantaged groups who feel dehumanized by other groups respond aggressively. But little is known about how meta-dehumanization affects disadvantaged minority group members, historically the primary targets of dehumanization. We examine this important question in the context of the 2016 U.S. Republican Primaries, which have witnessed the widespread derogation and dehumanization of Mexican immigrants and Muslims. Two initial studies document that: Americans blatantly dehumanize Mexican immigrants and Muslims, this dehumanization uniquely predicts support for aggressive policies proposed by Republican nominees, and dehumanization is highly associated with supporting Republican candidates (especially Donald Trump). Two further studies show that, in this climate, Latinos and Muslims in the U.S. feel heavily dehumanized, which predicts hostile responses including support for violent versus non-violent collective action and unwillingness to assist counter-terrorism efforts. Our results extend theorizing on dehumanization, and suggest that it may have cyclical and self-fulfilling consequences.
    Article
    2017
    CentripetalandcentrifugalforcesinthemoralcircleCompetingconstraintsonmorallearning
    Centripetal and centrifugal forces in the moral circle: Competing constraints on moral learning
    Graham, Jesse, Adam Waytz, Peter Meindl, Ravi Iyer and Liane Young. 2017. Centripetal and centrifugal forces in the moral circle: Competing constraints on moral learning. Cognition. 167: 58-65.
    Article
    2017
    CEOsnowhavetheupperhandwithTrump
    CEOs now have the upper hand with Trump
    Pearce, Nicholas A.. "CEOs now have the upper hand with Trump." CNBC.com.
    Other
    2017
    Choiceasanengineofanalyticthought
    Choice as an engine of analytic thought
    Savani, Krishna, Nicole Stephens and Hazel Rose Markus. 2017. Choice as an engine of analytic thought. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 146(9): 1234-1246.
    Abstract

    Choice is a behavioral act that has a variety of well-documented motivational consequences—it fosters independence by allowing people to simultaneously express themselves and influence the environment. Given the link between independence and analytic thinking, the current research tested whether choice also leads people to think in a more analytic rather than holistic manner. Four experiments demonstrate that making choices, recalling choices, and viewing others make choices leads people to think more analytically, as indicated by their attitudes, perceptual judgments, categorization, and patterns of attention allocation. People who made choices scored higher on a subjective self-report measure of analytic cognition compared to whose did not make a choice (pilot study). Using an objective task-based measure, people who recalled choices rather than actions were less influenced by changes in the background when making judgments about focal objects (Experiment 1). People who thought of others’ behaviors as choices rather than actions were more likely to group objects based on categories rather than relationships (Experiment 2). People who recalled choices rather than actions subsequently allocated more visual attention to focal objects in a scene (Experiment 3). Together, these experiments demonstrate that choice has important yet previously unexamined consequences for basic psychological processes such as attention and cognition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
    Article
    2017
    DarkerDemonsofourNatureTheNeedtoRe-FocusAttentiononBlatantFormsofDehumanization
    Darker Demons of our Nature: The Need to (Re-)Focus Attention on Blatant Forms of Dehumanization
    Kteily, Nour and Emile Bruneau. 2017. Darker Demons of our Nature: The Need to (Re-)Focus Attention on Blatant Forms of Dehumanization. Current Directions in Psychological Science.
    Abstract

    Although dehumanization research first emerged following the overt and conscious denials of humanity present in context marked by war and genocide, modern dehumanization research largely examines more subtle and implicit forms of dehumanization in more everyday settings. We argue for the need to re-orient the research agenda towards understanding when and why individuals openly see others as less than human. We review recent research in a range of contexts suggesting that blatant dehumanization is surprisingly prevalent and potent, uniquely predicting aggressive intergroup attitudes and behavior beyond subtle forms of dehumanization and outgroup dislike, and promoting vicious cycles of conflict.
    Article
    2017
    Deathisunexpectedlypositive
    Death is unexpectedly positive
    Goranson, Amelia, Ryan Ritter, Adam Waytz, Michael I. Norton and Kurt Gray. Forthcoming. Death is unexpectedly positive. Psychological Science. 28: 988-999.
    Article
    2017
    DemographicsandDemocracyANetworkAnalysisofMongoliansPoliticalCognition
    Demographics and Democracy: A Network Analysis of Mongolians’ Political Cognition
    Sabloff, Paula, Rudolf Hanel, Stefan Thurner and Hyejin Youn. 2017. Demographics and Democracy: A Network Analysis of Mongolians’ Political Cognition. Journal of Anthropological Research. 73(4): 617-646.
    Abstract

    As anthropologists study complex societies and large databases, we have to ask whether using demographic divisions within a population help or hinder our understanding of people’s cognition, particularly political cognition. Using a database of 1,283 interviews gathered in Mongolia in 1998 and 2003, the authors divide the sample population by the demographic categories of location, gender, education level attained, and age. We use network analysis to note differences in network structure and textual analysis to learn how Mongolians characterize democracy as they emerge from Soviet-style socialism. We find that even though Mongolians are a rather homogeneous society, people’s concept of democracy varies by demographic category. We conclude that because experience often varies with a person’s position in society, demography correlates with people’s perception of democracy and therefore remains a valid and helpful way to study the political culture of a population.
    Article
    2017
    DoesonlinetechnologymakeusmoreorlesssociableApreliminaryreviewandcallforresearch
    Does online technology make us more or less sociable? A preliminary review and call for research
    Waytz, Adam and Kurt Gray. Forthcoming. Does online technology make us more or less sociable? A preliminary review and call for research. Perspectives on Psychological Science.
    Article
    2017
    Dynamicburstinessofword-occurrenceandnetworkmodularityintextbooksystems
    Dynamic burstiness of word-occurrence and network modularity in textbook systems
    Cui, Xue-Mei, Chang No Yoon, Sang Hoon Lee, Jean S. Jung, Hyejin Youn and Seung Kee Han. 2017. Dynamic burstiness of word-occurrence and network modularity in textbook systems. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. 487: 103-110.
    Abstract

    We show that the dynamic burstiness of word occurrence in textbook systems is attributed to the modularity of the word association networks. At first, a measure of dynamic burstiness is introduced to quantify burstiness of word occurrence in a textbook. The advantage of this measure is that the dynamic burstiness is decomposable into two contributions: one coming from the inter-event variance and the other from the memory effects. Comparing network structures of physics textbook systems with those of surrogate random textbooks without the memory or variance effects are absent, we show that the network modularity increases systematically with the dynamic burstiness. The intra-connectivity of individual word representing the strength of a tie with which a node is bound to a module accordingly increases with the dynamic burstiness, suggesting individual words with high burstiness are strongly bound to one module. Based on the frequency and dynamic burstiness, physics terminology is classified into four categories: fundamental words, topical words, special words, and common words. In addition, we test the correlation between the dynamic burstiness of word occurrence and network modularity using a two-state model of burst generation.
    Article
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